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Human Evolution

Human Evolution is the change in the genetic pool of a population from one generation to the successor generations by the process of mutation, natural selection and genetic drifting. For the process of evolution to occur there needs to be variation, selection, heritability and reproductive success. For the modern humans, there are more factors of evolution and selections at work. Humans have, senses, influenced our own evolution and as well as other organisms through our behaviour, lifestyles and technologies. Humans have preserved many species to extinctions that helps to keep some species alive that are “predisposed” to extinction, and our advances in modern medicine keeps individuals alive who would have died without it.
 
Human evolution is indeed a long time process of changing by which people originated from ancestors. Many Scientific theory and evidences proved that the physical and behaviour inheritance shared by all the people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of approximately several million years ago.
 
Humans are the sole hominin species in existence today. Thus, it's easier than it would have been in the ancient past to distinguish ourselves from our closest living relatives in the animal kingdom. Primatologists such as Jane Goodall and Franz de Waal, however, continue to clarify why the lines dividing human from non-human aren't as distinct as we might think. Goodall's classic observations of chimpanzee behaviours like tool use, warfare and even cannibalism demolished once-cherished views of what separates us from other primates. De Waal has done exceptional work illustrating some continuity in reciprocity and fairness, and in empathy and compassion, with other species. With evolution, it seems, we are always standing on the shoulders of others, our common ancestors.
 
One of the earliest human existence traits, bipedalism and the abilities to walk on two legs has evolved over more than 4 million years ago. Other important human characteristics such as a large and complex formation of full brain, the ability to make and use different tools, and the capacity for different languages have developed in recently.
Humans are the primates. Physical and genetic similarities show that the modern human species which is also termed as Homo sapiens has a very close relationship to another group of primate species which are the apes or chimpanzees, Humans and the great apes of Africa chimpanzees and gorillas which share a common ancestor that lived between 8 and 6 million to trillions years ago. Humans first evolved in Africa, maximum number of human evolution occurred on that continent only. The fossils of early humans who lived between 6 and 2 million to trillions years ago come entirely from Africa.
Most of the scientists recognize some of 15 to 20 different species of early humans. Scientists do not agree, however, about how these species are related to each other or which ones simply died out.
 
Palaeoanthropology is the scientific study of human evolution. Palaeoanthropology is a subfield of anthropology, the study of human culture, society, and biology. The field involves an understanding of the similarities and differences between humans and other species in their genes, body form, physiology, and behaviour.

-Pallabi Ghosh

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